Prevalence of thrombophilia-associated genetic risk factors in blood donors of a regional hospital in southern Brazil

ABSTRACT Introduction: Thromboembolic events occur due to an imbalance in the hemostasis and some factors associated with this condition can be inherited. In order to evaluate the frequency of genotypes considered to be common hereditary risk factors for thrombophilia associated with venous thrombosis (g.1691G>A and g.20210G>A) and hyperhomocysteinemia (g.677C>T and g.1298A>C), samples from voluntary healthy blood donors at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were tested. Methods: We examined 325 blood samples from blood donors collected from October 2017 to July 2018. Blood was collected on filter paper and the DNA was extracted for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis using the qualitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The calculated frequencies of each genetic variant in heterozygosity were 4% for the FV gene (g.1691G> A), 4% for the F2 gene (g.20210G> A) and 42% and 39% for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), g.677C>T and g.1298A>C, respectively. Only the genetic variants of MTHFR were found in homozygosity, with frequencies of 14% and 6% (g.677C>T and g.1298A>C), respectively. Discussion: Altogether, these results describe the frequencies of genetic variants associated with venous thrombosis and hyperhomocysteinemia in the analyzed group and are important to enhance our current knowledge about the genetic profiles of Brazilian blood donors.

Prevalence of thrombophilia-associated genetic risk factors in blood donors of a regional hospital in southern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Thromboembolic events occur due to an imbalance in the hemostasis and some factors associated with this condition can be inherited. In order to evaluate the frequency of genotypes considered to be common hereditary risk factors for thrombophilia associated with venous thrombosis (g.1691G > A and g.20210G > A) and hyperhomocysteinemia (g.677C > T and g.1298A > C), samples from voluntary healthy blood donors at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were tested. METHODS: We examined 325 blood samples from blood donors collected from October 2017 to July 2018. Blood was collected on filter paper and the DNA was extracted for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis using the qualitative real time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The calculated frequencies of each genetic variant in heterozygosity were 4% for the FV gene (g.1691G > A), 4% for the F2 gene (g.20210G > A) and 42% and 39% for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), g.677C > T and g.1298A > C, respectively. Only the genetic variants of MTHFR were found in homozygosity, with frequencies of 14% and 6% (g.677C > T and g.1298A > C), respectively. DISCUSSION: Altogether, these results describe the frequencies of genetic variants associated with venous thrombosis and hyperhomocysteinemia in the analyzed group and are important to enhance our current knowledge about the genetic profiles of Brazilian blood donors.

Dificuldades e estratégias relacionadas com a doação de sangue em um serviço de hemoterapia / Difficulties and strategies related to blood donation in a hemotherapy service

RESUMO Objetivo analisar os aspectos dificultadores na doação de sangue e as estratégias para captação de doadores. Métodos estudo qualitativo realizado com 12 doadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e foram analisadas por Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados em relação aos aspectos dificultadores, foram pontuadas a falta de tempo e a pouca flexibilidade nos horários de atendimento, o deslocamento no acesso ao serviço e o medo do processo de doação. Como estratégias de captação, os entrevistados verbalizam sobre a divulgação e campanhas internas nas empresas, educação nas escolas e universidades, fidelização de doadores, flexibilidade nos horários do hemocentro e unidades móveis para doação de sangue em pontos estratégicos da cidade. Conclusão os doadores pontuaram dificuldades e sugestões de estratégias, constituindo-se em informações relevantes para propostas inovadoras que auxiliem no processo de captação de novos doadores de sangue.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the aspects that hinder blood donation and strategies to attract donors. Methods qualitative study conducted with 12 donors. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Content Analysis. Results regarding the complicating aspects, the lack of time and little flexibility in service hours, the displacement in accessing the service and the fear of the donation process were scored. As strategies for attraction, the interviewees talked about the dissemination and internal campaigns in companies, education in schools and universities, loyalty of donors, flexibility in the hours of the blood center and mobile units for blood donation at strategic points in the city. Conclusion donors pointed out difficulties and suggestions for strategies, constituting relevant information for innovative proposals that help in the process of attracting new blood donors.

A equipe de saude na atencao integral ao adolescente vivendo com HIV/AIDS / El equipo de salud en la atención integral al adolescente que vive con VIH/SIDA / The healthcare team in integral care for adolescents living with HIV/AIDS

OBJECTIVE: This qualitative field study was conducted in the Sexually Transmitted Disease Specialized Care Service of the Vila dos Comerciários Health Center of Porto Alegre, Brazil. It aims to determine the work of the multidisciplinary healthcare team when providing integral care to adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the multidisciplinary team. RESULTS: Results provided two analytical categories: The multidisciplinarity and The integrality of the care. CONCLUSION: The performance of this study allowed the actors involved to reflect on their practices and on integrality as a guiding principle for healthcare actions, considering multidisciplinary teamwork and its reflection on the care provided to adolescents living with HIV/AIDS.

Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo qualitativa realizada no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado em Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis do Centro de Saúde da Vila dos Comerciários, em Porto Alegre/RS. Teve como objetivo identificar a atuação da equipe multiprofissional de saúde na atenção integral ao adolescente vivendo com HIV/AIDS. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada com a equipe multiprofissional de saúde. RESULTADOS: Dos resultados emergiram duas categorias analíticas: A multiprofissionalidade e A integralidade da atenção. CONCLUSÃO: O desenvolvimento deste estudo permitiu aos atores envolvidos a reflexão sobre suas práticas e sobre a integralidade como princípio norteador das ações em saúde, considerando o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional e o reflexo deste na atenção ao adolescente vivendo com HIV/AIDS.

OBJETIVO: Se trata de una investigación de campo cualitativa, realizada en el Servicio de Atención Especializada en Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual, del Centro de Salud de la Vila dos Comerciários, en Porto Alegre/RS. Tiene por objetivo identificar la actuación del equipo multiprofesional de salud en atención integral al adolescente que vive con VIH/SIDA. MÉTODOS: Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada con el equipo multiprofesional de salud. Resultados: Emergieron dos categorías analíticas: la multiprofesionalidad y la integralidad de la atención. CONCLUSIÓN: El desarrollo de este estudio permitió a los actores involucrados reflexionar sobre sus prácticas y sobre la integralidad como principio para nortear las acciones en salud, considerando el trabajo en equipo multiprofesional y el reflejo de éste en la atención al adolescente que vive con VIH/SIDA.